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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS^ 

©§3pJ.....:. ©ijp^rig^ f xt I 

Shelf. S. 2^ 4 3 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 



Eli B. Kelsey. W. J. Lynch. 

J^EAL ,?STATE, 

Loan, Iq^nP&ncB 9 Collection Agenfc 



Searchers of Records. 

JTotary (Public in Office. 

Satisfaction Gruuaranteed. 



^unJnsurance of (aiifornia, 

j^AID UP jUAPITAL.OF ^300,000. 



"Deeds, "Mortgages, "Leases, Wills, l^tc, Drawn 
up wi\,Yi Accuracy and "Dispa\,cY\. 



Four Doors North of Walker Sonse, 
^P, 0. Box 773.«fc_ 



Salt Lake City. 



Geo. F. Felt, Notary Public. 



Chas. B. Felt. 




— ^TYvose wtvo intend MakingV^- 



PRESENTS 



To tneir friends, should not 
lail to examine tne 



ftt tne Store ol 



C. G. AMUSSEN. 



He has one oi the 



finest aad largest siT^ssortments 

Ever displayed in Utah, 



-AND HAS PUT- 



PIKES B©WN TO TIE LOWEST FIGURE, 

To Suit the Times. 



60 and 62 Main Street, Q Jl I T I T\ ]/ U H I TV 

Half Block from Tabernacle, uMLl LH l \ £1 Oil I . 



Qhe (Qnly Hjirect (Importer of 'Xpavarta Mgars 




Nos, 171 and 173 Main Street, 

^0 JiME cny, iwfft' 




Only Hotel Opposite Temple and Tabernacle, 



^MEtir EtAMKM €ITW & 
(ONLY THREE BLOCKS FROM DEPOT.) 




Horse Gars Pass the Doors to all Depots and Points of Interest 



REFITTED 8c REFURNISHED THROUGHOUT. 
Terms, 51,50 to $2,00 per Day. Special Hates to Large Parties. 

lEZ^XjX-i <Sc -WOOIDIVCriF 1 ^, " - Proprietors. 



i 



n, 



THE 



"MORMON" METROPOLIS: 



AN 



ILLUSTRATED GUIDE 



-TO- 



SALT LAKE CITY AND ITS ENVIRONS 

Containing Illustrations and Descriptions oi Principal 
Places oi Interest to Tourists ; also Interesting 
Information and Historical Data -asritlci 
"Regard to Utali and its People. 



i/IAY 28 1888 



SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH: ^*£f * 

J. H. PARRY & CO., PUBLISHERS. 

1888. 

^7 



\ 




SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH, 



COPYRIGHTED, 1888. 




THE "MORMON" METROPOLIS: 

AN JLLUSTRATED pUIDE TO 

Salt Lake City and its Environs. 




INTRODUCTORY. 

is " Mormonism " alone which gives to 
Salt Lake City its unique pre-emi- 
nence among the cities of Western 
America, and that attracts the visits of 
the tourist and traveler, we shall, in this 
brief but comprehensive Guide, give 
chief place to the edifices, etc. , erected 
by this people, and the surrounding objects of interest as- 
sociated with their eventful history. 

The mercantile and manufacturing interests of this City 
will also be detailed, thus making this little work a hand- 
book of reference for capitalists and business men, and all 
others interested in the commercial growth and development 
of the City of Salt Lake. 




4 



GRID'S. TO IxElKH CITY 



EARLY HISTORY. 

Unlike several of the surrounding Territories, which 
were settled by the Spaniards, and early became known to 
civilization, very little was known of Utah before the advent 
of the "Mormon" Pioneers into this region. In the sum- 
mer of 1833, Captain Bonneville and a few trappers explored 
the northern part of Utah, including a portion of Salt Lake 
Valley, and Colonel J. C. Fremont spent four vears — 1842 
to 46 — in exploring this region. With these exceptions, 
none but hunters and trappers had ever visited this inhospi- 
table region, as it was then called. Heavy frosts prevailed 
every month in the year, and it was declared by old time 
trappers and hunters that the climate was so forbidding and 
the soil so barren, that no people could sustain themselves 
upon it. The whole basin was so barren as to produce little 
besides a species of bunch grass, and the ground was cov- 
ered with myriads of larce, black crickets, which were the 
food of the Indians. In Colorado, New Mexico and Ar'- 
zona there are many evidences that civilized races once 
lived in those places and cultivated the soil. But there wer^ 
no such evidences to be met wiih in the settlement of this 
valley. The advent of civilization was on the arrival of the 
"Mormon" Pioneers, after their expulsion from Nauvoo, 
Illinois. 

On the 24th of July, 1847. President Brieham Young,* 
accompanied by 142 hardy Pioneers, emerg< d from the 
gorges of the Wasatch mountains, and entered into Salt 

Brigham Young was born June 1, 1801, at Whittingham, Windsor 
County, Vermont ; was baptized into the Church of Jesus Christ of 
Latter-day Saints in 1832, ordained an Apostle in 1835, and died in 
Salt Lake City, August 29, 1877. 



6 



&\3YD"S. TO SRI/Y LM^l GITT 



Lake Valley. They had left their homes in Illinois the year 
previous, spending the winter in camps on the Missouri 
River. As soon as the grass was high enough to sustain their 
cattle, they left their winter quarters and began their weary 
and perilous march through a hostile Indian country, seek- 
ing out, and making a new road of 650 miles, and following a 
trapper's trail nearly 400 miles over the Rockies, in order 
to find a new home for their followers. In less than a 
week the Pioneers were joined by a company of Saints from 
Mississippi, accompanied by Captain James Brown and a 
detachment of the "Mormon" Battalion who had served 
their counlry in the war against Mexico. 

Although late in the season, plowing and planting im- 
mediately began, as the people were already on short ra- 
tions, and depending upon the products of the soil for future 
supplies. The ground was so thoroughly parched and 
baked that several plows were broken in the first efforts to 
subdue the soil. Ditches were dug from the mouth of City 
Creek Canon, and the whole of that stream was turned upon 
the community larm. Thus began, in Utah, the system of 
irrigation to which her wealth, beauty and productiveness 
are due almost wholly to-day. Without irrigation Utah 
would still remain the "barren desert" it was when visited 
by the early trappers; and the story of the " Mormons," by 
their industry, "making the desert to blossom as the rose," 
would never have been written Thus, Salt Lake City, the 
' ' Mormon ' ' Metropolis, the most attractive and most prom- 
ising city of western America, was founded. 

Although this was then Mexican soil, the Stars and 
Stripes were unfurled, and the country was taken possession 



ITS "aRYYRORS. T 



of in ihe name of the government of the United States. 

Within a tew weeks after their arrival, the colonists had 
built 27 log cabins, laid out and built a fort for their protec- 
tion against the savaee Red Man; had nearly a hundred 
acres plowed and planted with potatoes, wheat, etc. Much 
of the crops were injured by early frosts, and in consequence 
much suffering and privation ensued, and the people were 
still kept on rations. To add to the scarcity, the emigrat- 
ing Saints who arrived in the fall, some 700 wagons laden 
with families, brought scarcely any provisions. A company 
of the "Morman" Battalion, which had been disbanded in 
California, found their way here during the first winter, all 
destitute of provisions, yet none died of want. It has often 
been said that no other community could have provided so 
well against starvation. The unity of the people, guided 
and directed bv their leaders, Brigham Young and others, 
preserved them from starvation. Those who had food will- 
ingly shared with those who were destituce. It was in these 
early days that President Young instituted the monthly 
fast day, that food might be saved and given to the poor. 
This practice is kept up to this day, and of late years nearly 
all the " Mormon" places of business are closed during the 
forenoon of the first Thursday of each month, that the em- 
ployees may have opportunity to attend fast meeting and 
offer their donations to the poor. 

In the spring of 1848 a great deal of ground was 
broken, and was planted with seed which had been saved; 
every care was taken to insure an abundant harvest. In the 
month of June, the black crickets, which the Pioneers had 
encounterd the year before, came down from the hills in 



3 



myriads, aid thretened to entirely destroy the growing 
crops. They devoured everything before them, and as all 
the hope lor bread was in the crops, the prospects for the 
Colonists were gloomy indeed. The people were powerless 
ayain t this foe, and starvation seemed inevitable, when, to 
their great relief, immense flocks of sea gulls, suddenly ap- 
p ..red upon the scene and soon destroyed the crickets, and 
s ived sufficient of the crops to keep the people from starva- 
tion. As th se gulls were never seen in this region before, 
their appearance uas acknowledged as a divine interposition 
of Providence in behalf of the people. As it was, food was 
so scarce the ensuing winter that many were compelled to 
subsist upon raw hide, segoes and thistle roots. 

The first post-office in the city was opened in March 
1849, Joseph L. Hey wood being the postmaster. 

In the summer of 1849 parties from the east, on the way 
to the California gold mines, arrived. They brought with 
them all kinds of merchandise, wagons, tools, and farming 
implements, which they gladly disposed of in exchange for 
provisions. In this manner all kinds of commodities were 
sold as cheaply in Salt Lake City as in the cities of the east. 

A provisional government was established, and a con- 
stitution adopted for the government of the new "State of 
Deseret " and A. W. Babbitt was sent to Congress asking 
for admission into the Union. 

The Indians were at times very troublesome; outbreaks 
occurring frequently, caused principally by the unwise 
course pursued by tourists and gold seekers in giving whisky 
to them, sometimes quarreling with them and inciting them 
to acts of violence. Deeming it cheaper to feed the Red 



9 



Man than to fight him, the "Mormon" Indian policy has 
been a peaceful one from the beginning, and as a result 
there have been fewer Indian outbreaks in Utah than in any 
other western Territory. 

In Sept., 1850, the Territory of Utah was organized by 
act. of Congress, and Brigham Young was subsequently ap- 
pointed Governor, and took the oath of office the February 
following. On January 11, 1851, Great Salt Lake City w^s 
incorporated, with Jedediah M. Grant as Mayor. On Sep- 
tember 22, 1851, the first Legislature of Utah Territory con- 
vened in Great Salt Lake City, and in the following Novem- 
ber the University of Deseret was opened. 

The population increased very rapidly each year. 
"Mormon" immigrants arrived from all parts of the world. 
They came by way of the Missouri River, thence by ox 
teams and handcarts across the "plains " 

The years of 1855-6 will long be remembered by the 
early settlers as a period of scarcity and famine. What 
crops were not destroyed by drouth were eaten up by grass- 
hoppers. Many domestic animals died of starvation, and 
food was so scarce that many families knew not the taste of 
bread for months at a time. The harvest of 1857, however, 
was the best Utah had had up to that time. 

In the fall of 1857, Judge Drummond and others erron- 
eously reported that troubles had arisen between the Terri- 
torial and United States officials, that the "Mormons" had 
risen in rebellion and had expelled all U. S. officials from 
the Territory. In consequence of this the "Utah Army" 
was sent under Colonel A. S. Johnston to settle the reported 
difficulties. Without making any investigation into the 



10 



Gmim TO SRIaT lrk gyty 



charges, which were afterward proven to be without any 
foundation, the Government sent an expedition against the 
people of Utah at an expense of nearly $40,000,000. Tn 
March, 1858, the citizens of Great Salt Lake City, and the 
settlements north of it, agreed to abandon their homes and 
"go south " — whence, they knew not, except that they were 
again to follow their leader Brigham Young in exile. The 
people were under the impression that the approaching 
army was sent to destroy them. By the month of June, the 
newly appointed Governor, James Cumming, and the 
peace commissioners arrived and investigated matters. The 
misunderstanding was speedily adjusted, and President 
Buchanan issued a proclamation of pardon. The army 
passed through the deserted city and located at Camp Floyd, 
about forty miles south-west of Great Salt Lake City, and 
the people returned to their deserted homes and resumed 
their accustomed labors. 

In the month of April, i860, the first pony express ar- 
rived, from Sacramento in four days, from St. Joseph, Mo., 
in six days. 

In July, 1861, General Johnston with his detachment of 
troops was ordered to the States at the breaking out of the 
Civil War, and the equipments and provisions of the United 
States Army in Utah were disposed of at auction. It was 
estimated that $4,000,000 worth of goods were sold for less 
than $100,000. 

In the same year connection was made with the outside 
world by telegraph. 

Colonel P. E. Conner, with the California Volunteers, 



12 TO SiW^T LRKE, CITY 



arrived on Ocl. 20, 1862, and located at Camp Douglas, 
the present site of Fort Douglas. 

In 1867-8 the myriads of grasshoppers again visited 
the Territory and the crops were almost total failures both 
years. 

On Jan. 10, 1870, the last rail of the Utah Central Rail- 
road was laid, and the last spike driven by President Brig- 
ham Young, in the presence of 15,000 people. This was 
the inauguration of a new era in the growth and commerce 
of the city and Territory. Hitherto, all importations had 
to be freighted a thousand miles by ox or mule teams, and 
all immigrants had to tramp this weary road over vast and 
arid plains and toilsome mountains. Since the advent of 
the railroad the city has made much progress and has de- 
veloped very rapidly, until it is to-day acknowledged to be 
the prettiest and, in many respects, the most desirable city 
to live in on the continent. 

In March, 1883, the Denver & Rio Grande Railway 
was completed between Salt Lake and Denver, and it is re- 
posed that two other roads are heading this way which will 
give Salt Lake plenty of facilities for travel in all directions. 

SALT LAKE CITY. 

Salt Lake City, the capital of Utah, occupies an 
impor'ant central position in the Territory, and is the me- 
tropolis of the inter-mountain region. Its latitude is 40 0 
46\ longitude 112 0 o6 r West; and the variation of the mag- 
netic needle at the base meridian, as determined in October, 
1878, by the United States Coast Survey, is 16 0 32 v East. 

The city has an area of nearly 10,000 acres, and a pop- 



RRD ITS I^RAIIIiO^S 



13 



ulation of about 30,000 inhabitants. It is laid out, princi- 
pally, in blocks of ten acres each, the streets running due to the 
cardinal points. Each street is 132 feet wide, including the 
sidewalks, which are twenty ieet in width. The north-east- 
ern part of the city is divided into blocks of five acres each, 
with streets eighty feet wide. Nearly all the streets are 
bordered with shade trees and running brooks, and the 
building lots are usually large enough to afford ample 
room for buildings, gardens, orchards and ornamental 
grounds. The foliage largely conceals the houses in sum- 
mer, giving the city the appearance of an immense and 
lovely garden. 

The altitude of the city is 4,261 feet above sea level. 
The climate is salubrious. The mean summer temperature 
is about 74, but on account of the dry and rare atmosphere 
it is not more oppressive than a mean several degrees higher 
would be on the sea level. Although the mercury often 
reaches above 90 in July and August, sunstroke is almost un- 
known ; severe thunder and lightning are frequent, the nights 
are uniformly cool, and residents of the city who are obliged 
to visit the East in the hot months are glad to get back 
again. There is no comparison between the average Salt 
Lake and average Eastern climate in the same latitude. 

THE SACRED SQUARE. 

The Temple Block is the Sacred Square of the Lat- 
ter-day Saints and the central object of interest to tourists 
visiting the city. It covers an area of ten acres, is sur- 
rounded by a high adobe wall, and contains the Temple, 
now in the course of erection, Tabernacle, Assembly Hall, 



14 



Gmtm TO SR-l^T city 



the Endowment House, and the architects' office, and 
workshops of the men engaged in the construction of the 
Temple. 

" MORMON " TEMPLES. 

Not less than eight temples have been designated, and 
their sites consecrated, of which number four have been 
dedicated and ordinances administered therein — at 
Kirtland, Ohio; Nauvoo, Illinois; St. George, and Logan, 
Utah. The temples at Salt Lake City, and at Manti, Utah, 
are progressing rapidly towards completion, the last named 
being nearly ready for use. 

The temple at Kirtland was 55x65 feet; the corner 
stones were laid July 22, 1833. This was built by donation 
and voluntary contribution, and was completed and dedicated 
March 27, 1836. 

The corner stone for a temple at Far West, Missouri, 
was laid July 4, 1838, with appropriate ceremony. Dimen- 
sions of building to be no feet long and 80 feet wide. 

The temple at Nauvoo, Illinois, was about 128 feet 
long by 88 feet wide. The corner stones were laid on the 
6th day of April, 1841. The building was erected by the 
tithing and free-will offerings of the people, and was so 
rapidly advanced that on the 8th of November the same 
year the baptismal font was dedicated, and baptisms for the 
dead were administered. The building was finally dedicated 
with public services on Saturday and Sunday, the 2nd and 
3rd of May, 1846. After the expulsion of the Saints from 
Illinois, this temple was destroyed by fire. 



JVRD ITS 



15 



'1 he temple at St. George, Utah, the site of which was 
dedicated and ground broken November 9, 1871, is 141 feet 
8 inches long by 93 feet 4 inches wide; is 84 feet from ground 
to top of parapet. The basement is of volcanic rock, the 
upper part of red sandstone, and contains about 1,900 cords 
of rock, 1,000,000 feet of lumber, and cost about $800,000. 
Upon its completion, a general Conference of all the author- 
ities of the Church was held within its walls on the 6th of 
April, 1877, and the dedicatory prayer was offered by Pres- 
ident Daniel H. Wells. 

The Manti Temple site was dedicated and the ground bro- 
ken by President Brigham Young, on April 25, 1877. The 
corner stones were laid April 14, 1879. Its size is 17 2x95 feet, 
and 82 feet to the square. Its eastern tower is 179 feet high, 
the western tower 169 feet high. This edifice stands on a 
hill, which had to be partly removed and required 2,400 
cords of rock terrace to provide for its location. 

The site of the Logan Temple is situated on an eleva- 
tion or table land in the eastern part of the city bearing that 
name. It was dedicated with prayer offered by Apostle 
Orson Pratt, May 18, 1877, and the ground was broken the 
same day. The corner stones were laid September 17, 
1877. The building, including towers and buttresses, is 171 
feet long by 95 in width, with a tower 30 feet square at each 
end, the eastern tower is 155 feet, and the western tower 143 
feet in height, and 86 feet from the surface to top of battle- 
ments. This temple was completed and dedicated with ap- 
propriate ceremonies on the occasion of a General Confer- 
ence of the Church being held there on May 17, 1884. 



16 



G\3VD"& TO SRl^Y IaRKSI CITY 



SALT LAKE CITY TEMPLE* 

The Temple Block is 40 rods square, the lines running 
north and south, east and west, and contains ten acres. 
The centre of the temple is 156 feet 6 inches due west from 
the centre of the east line of the block. The length of the 
temple east and west, is 186 feet 6 inches, including towers, 
by 99 feet in width. On the east end there are three towers, 
and the same number also on the west. 

The north and south walls are 8 feet thick, clear of 
pedestal; they stand upon a footing of 16 feet wall, on its 
bearing, which slopes 3 feet on each side to the height of 7 
feet 6 inches. The footing of the towers rises to the same 
height as the side, and is one solid piece of masonry of 
rough ashlers. 

The basement of the main building is divided into 
many rooms by walls, all having footings. The line of the 
basement floor is 24 inches above the top of the footing. 
Four inches above the earth on the east line will begin a 
promenade walk, from 11 to 22 feet wide, around the entire 
building, and approached by stone steps on all sides. 

The footings of the four corner towers are 26 feet 
square. These continue 16 feet 6 inches high, and come to 
the line of the base string course, which is 8 ieet above the 
promenade walk. At this point the towers are reduced to 
55 feet square; they then continue to the height of 38 feet, 
or the height of the second string course. At this point 
they are reduced to 23 feet square; they then continue 38 
feet high, to the third string course. The string courses 

^Abridged from description of the late T. O. Angell, chief architect. 



m.d its 'smrmcms. 



continue all around the building, except when separated 
by bui tresses. These string courses are massive mouldings 
from solid blocks ot stone. 

The two east towers then rise 2 5 feet to a string course, 
or cornice. The two west towers rise 19 feet and come to 




Salt Xja.fee GLt-y Temple. 



their string course or cornice. The four towers then rise 9 
feet to the top of battlements. These towers are cylindri- 
cal, having 17 feet diameter inside, within which stairs as- 
cend around a solid column 4 feet in diameter, allowing 



18 GUYDH TO SRLT CITY 



landings at the various sections of the building. The 
towers have each five ornamental windows on two sides, 
above the basement. 

The two centre towers occupy the centre of the east and 
west ends of the building, starting from their footings 31 
feet square, and break off in sections in line with corner 
towers to the height of the third string course. The east 
centre tower then rises 40 feet to the top of battlements; the 
west centre tower rises 34 feet to the top of battlements. 
All the towers have ornamental spires surmounting them. 
The height of the east centre tower when completed will be 
200 feet. 

The centre room of the basement is arranged for a bap- 
tismal font, and is 57 feet long by 35 feet wide, separated 
from the main wall by four rooms, two on each side. 

The Temple site was consecrated and the ground 
broken for the foundation February 14, 1853. The corner 
stones were laid with imposing ceremonies on April 6, 1853. 

The following inscription appears on a large tablet 
stone placed in the face of the east centre tower: 

HOLINESS TO THE LORD. 

THE HOUSE OF THE LORD, 

BUILT BY THE 

CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER DAY 
SAINTS. 



COMMENCED APRIL 6, 1853. 

completed: 



RUD ITS M^mOHS. 



19 



There has already been expended in its erection about 
$4, 000,000, all of which has been voluntarily donated in tithing 
by the members of the ' 1 Mormon ' ' Church. It is constructed 
of finely cut and finished granite rock, which is quarried 
from the mouth of Little Cottonwood Canon, in the Wa- 
satch range of mountains, some twenty miles to the south- 
east of the city. The building of this temple will not be 
completed for several years. 

At present, the government is in possession of the en- 
tire Temple Block, and the Latter-day Saints are paying 
rent to the United States government for the privilege of 
occupying and using their own houses of worship. This is 
in consequence of the construction put by the local Federal 
courts upon the recent act of Congress disincorporating the 
"Mormon" Church and escheating the property. 

LARGE TABERNACLE. 

It is well known that the site of Salt Lake City was 
selected, the plotting of it designed, and the principal build- 
ings in it were planned, by President Brigham Young. The 
buildings he designed are remakable for their substantial and 
convenient character. This peculiarity is very well illustra- 
ted in the construction of the ' 1 New Tabernacle, " as it has 
been called to distinguish it from the " Old Tabernacle," 
which formerly stood near it. This building is situated in the 
west centre of the Temple Block, and was commenced on 
the 26th of July, 1864, and was completed and dedicated 
Oaober 6, 1867. 

There is nothing very attractive about the outside ap- 
pearance of the building. To be appreciated it must be 



RH"D ITS ™¥mO"RS 



21 



viewed from the inside. Tt is elliptical in shape, 250 feet 
long' by 1 50 feet wide, and 70 feet in height from the floor 1o 
the ceiling at its highest part, or 80 feet from the floor to 




Tib-e TaTsexnacle ©rg-acaa.. 



1I e top of the roof. The interior of the building presents 
an oval arch, without any centre support, the largest self- 
supporting arch in America, with the exception of that of 
the Central Depot, New York, and probably the largest in 



Gc'UID'E. TO SRLT LRKS CITY 



the world that is constructed wholly of wood. The bents 
of the roof are composed of a lattice truss, and rest upon 
44 sand-stone pillars, each 3x9 feet in size, and from 14 to 
20 feet in height. The gallery, which extends around the 
building, except at the west end, is 480 feet long by 30 feet 
in width. The entire building has a seating capacity 01 
about 10,000. 

It has 20 doors, most of which are 9 feet wide, and all 
open outwards, so that an audience of 9,000 or 10,000 can 
gain egress, in case of an emergency, in a very few minutes.' 
In this respect the building is certainly without a rival in the 
world. 

In the west end of the Tabernacle is situated the large 
organ, second to none in the United States in appearance 
and sweetness of tone, and is exceeded in size by but one. 
It was constructed entirely by Utah artizans, under the direc- 
tion of Joseph Ridges, Esq. It has recently been entirely 
reconstructed by Niels Johnson, Esq., assisted by Mr. Henry 
Taylor. 

To hear the melody of the organ richly repays a 
visit to the Tabernacle. The front towers of the organ 
have an altitude of 58 feet. The dimensions of the organ 
are 30x33 feet. The bellows are supplied with air by a 
water motor. The organ has 57 stops, contains a total oi 
2,648 pipes, ranging in length from 2 feet to 32 feet, distrib- 
uted as follows: great organ, 840 pipes; swell organ, 728 
pipes; choir organ, 504 pipes; solo organ, 336 pipes; pedal 
organ, 240 pipes; operated by 8 couplers and as many 
pedal movements. 



rud its ™mons. 



23 



THE SALT LAKE ASSEMBLY HALL. 

The Salt Lake Assembly Hall, situated in the 
southwest corner of the Temple Block, is perhaps one of 
the finest buildings used for public worship to be found 




Tlxe Salt Xj&lce ^ssersQ."bl3r KalL 



in any of the western Territories. The late Obed Taylor, 
Esq. , was the architect, and Henry Grow, Esq. , its builder. 
It is constructed entirely of cut granite rock, at a cost of 
$90,000, defrayed by voluntary contributions from members 
of the ' ' Mormon ' ' Church in Salt Lake County, assisted 



24 



G13YDT TO SRI^T I^RKSl CITY 



by the general funds of the Church. Its dimensions are 68 
feet wide by 120 feet long, and is 130 feet to top of tower 
rising from the centre of the building. It has a roof of 4 
gables, each surmounted with ornamental spires, as also are 
the 4 corners of the Hall. 

There are 4 wide entrances, one on each side and end. 
The same have stairways leading to the gallery. 

The building is lighted with gas, and is heated in cold 
weather by steam boilers, at a pressure of lbs. to the 
square inch. 

A wide gallery extends around the entire Hall, except 
at the west end, where the large organ is situated, and ample 
room is reserved for a choir of 100 singers. Immediately 
in front of the choir are three stands or pulpits, arranged 
conveniently in steps one above another, occupied by the 
leading authorities of the Church. In front of the stands is 
the Sacramental table. 

For its artistic design and many interesting historical 
reminiscences d^picled upon it, the ceiling is worthy of 
special mention. It is divided into sixteen panels, of dif- 
ferent shape and design, by an elegant moulding and bor- 
der. Each panel is occupied by a beautiful fresco orna- 
ment, or painting representing historical scenes in the early 
rise of the Church, and paintings of the different temples 
built and now building by the Latter-day Saints. Repre- 
sentations of the Savior, Moses, Elijah, and Elias are also 
given. The two largest and principal panels are over the 
east and west ends of the Hall. That over the west end 
contains a fresco delineation of the All-Seeing Eye, and the 
emblematical Hive of Deseret, with the Kirtland and Nau- 



ITS ^MIHOKS. 



voo temples in the two lower corners. The panel over the 
east end contains a historical fresco painting of the angel 
" Moroni showing the Prophet Joseph where the plates were 
hid in the Hill Cumorah." The artistic fresco work of the 
ceiling was done by W. C. Morris, Esq. 

The building was completed and dedicated in the spring 
of 1880. 

The Hall will accomodate nearly 3,000 people. Its 
acoustic properties are perfect; an ordinary speaker can be 
heard distinctly at any part of the auditorium. 

Regular Sunday services are held in the Large Taber- 
nacle at 2 p. m. Tourists and strangers are always welcome. 

THE MUSEUM. 

The Museum is situated on South Temple Street, im- 
mediately facing the south entrance of the Temple Block. 
It should be visited by all who desire information with regard 
to the varied productions of Utah, and the number and im- 
portance of its advantages. In this Museum may be seen 
specimens of native minerals, ores and manufactures, native 
animals, birds, reptiles and insects; wonderful fossils and 
petrifications; with many curiosities relating to the Indians 
of the Rocky Mountain region of olden and modern times. 
The visitor to the Museum cabinets can get a better idea of 
the immense and varied resources of Utah, than by reading 
many books, or even visiting a few of its mines and manu- 
factories. 

The Museum is interesting also as showing what ha 
been done by the "Mormon" people in the gradual devel- 
opment of manufactures and art. Besides, there are rare 



m its "smrmcms. 



curiosities from every part of the world — idols from Japan, 
China, the Sandwich Islands, etc. A large collection of 
objects from Northern Europe, etc., and numerous curiosi- 
ties gathered by missionaries in their proselyting travels. 

One of the most interesting objects to visitors is the 
boat of Kit Carson, the first white man's vessel that plouged 
the waters of the Great Salt Lake. 

SOUTH TEMPLE STREET, 

Looking east from the southeast corner of the Temple 
Block, may be seen some of the most interesting of Salt 
Lake City's "old landmarks." At the corner opposite are 
the buildings of the 

"DESERET NEWS 5 ' PUBLISHING COMPANY. 

The Deseret News is the oldest paper in the Rocky 
Mountains, and for years the only newspaper published be- 
tween San Francisco and the Missouri river. Its first num- 
ber appeared in June, 1850. It is the organ of the Church 
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. It possess one of the 
largest and most substantial of paper mills in the west, sit- 
uated about fourteen miles southeast of the city; and has 
also a bindery and type foundery. It issues a Daily, Semi- 
Weekly and Weekly edition. 

THE BISHOPS' GENERAL STOREHOUSE. 

Behind the Deseret News buildings are the warehouses 
and yards of what were the General Tithing Store, now the 
store 01 the Presiding Bishop of the Church. It is the 
custom of the "Mormons" to pay their tithes and dona- 



28 



Gmim TO SRIaT IaRK-S. city 



tions to the Church in kind. The farmer pays the products 
of his farm, the cattleman from the increase of his herds, 
the artizan and the laborer pays in "days' work." Con- 
sequently at the Tithing Store is gathered a most complica- 
ted assortment of products — grains, vegetables, merchan- 




dise, cattle, ad infinitum. These materials are paid out to 
the men who work on the temples, to the public hands and 
clerks, go towards the support of the poor, are doled out to 
friendly Indians, or exchanged for more available or desir- 
able productions of the herd, farm, field or workshop. 



MID ITS MYIOTS 



PRESIDENT YOUNG'S RESIDENCES. 

A little over a half a block east of the Deseret News 
office stand the residences of the founder of Salt Lake 
City — the late Brigham Young. The first is known as the 
Lion House, from the facl: that a statue of a lion, crouch- 
ing, is placed over the front entrance. The Bee- Hive 




ZFresicLezit TToia-aa-g-'s G-rave. 



House is the next building to the east. A carved bee- hive 
(the insignia of Utah) crowns this edifice. Between these 
two houses are the offices of the Presidency of the ' ' Mor- 
mon" Church. Here the Church dignitaries, when at 
home, receive such visitors as are properly introduced. In 
these offices are also the head-quarters of the Deseret 



ITS SMmORS. 



31 



Telegraph line, which has wires running to every settlement 
of any importance in Utah Territory. 

THE EAGLE GATE. 

East of the Bee- Hive House is the entrance to 
City Creek Canon. The high cobble wall formerly con- 
tinued uninterruptedly east. Here was situated the Eagle 
Gate. The rock supports still remain, as an old landmark, 
with the artistically executed eagle perched on the summit. 
A short distance further east is another of President Young's 
residences, known as the White House, whilst to the north- 
east is the building that he used for a school-house for his 
family. It is occupied now by a portion of the Salt Lake 
Stake Academy. 

PRESIDENT YOUNGS GRAVE. 

President Young's grave is situated about a quarter of 
a mile north-east of the Eagle Gate, in an enclosure sur- 
rounded by an iron fence. 

THE GARDO HOUSE. 

Opposite the Bee-Hive House, south, is the Gardo 
House, the residence of the President of the "Mormon" 
Church. It was built by Brigham Young, but not occupied 
permanently by him. It is a very pleasing specimen of 
Utah architecture. 

HISTORIAN'S OFFICE. 

West of the Gardo House is the office of the Church 
Historian. Here the historical records ot the Church are 



rkd its i&ffirracms. 



33 



kept, and a copy preserved of all works, that can be ob- 
tained, which are written for or against the faith and prac- 
tices of this society. 

THE SOCIAL HALL. 

Half a block south of the Eagle Gate is the Social 
Hall. It was the dramatic centre before the Theatre was 
built, and is still used for balls, parties, children's exhibi- 
tions, assemblies, fancy fairs, etc. Like the rest of the 
buildings erected by the late "Mormon" President, solidity 
rather than elegance characterizes its style of architecture. 
Old "Mormons." of Utah's early days, are never wearied 
elling of the good times experienced within its walls. It is 
now used as a " Mormon " academy. 

SALT LAKE THEATRE. 

This imposing and massive edifice stands on the north- 
west corner of First East and First South Streets. It was 
erected at the instance and under the personal direction of 
the late President Brigham Young It has undergone 
many improvements since his demise, and no pains are 
spared by its present proprietors to make it one of the best 
appointed in the West. It is a capacious building, 175 feet 
in length and 80 feet in width, and 60 feet from floor to 
ceiling inside, having a stage 65 feet deep and 32 feet at the 
proscenium, and it is fully supplied with traps, properties and 
scenery. It has a parquette, dress and three upper circles, 
and two private boxes each side of the proscenium. It will 
seat comfortably 1.500 persons. The outside presents an 
imposing appearance, granite finish on adobe walls, fluted 



34 Gm"D"£ TO SRIaT CITY 



columns, massive cornices in the simple Doric style of archi- 
tecture. The interior is decorated with taste, and when 
lighted up is very fine. The scenery is the production of 
the best artists, and looks so real that it commands the ad- 
miration of all spectators. In all its appointments the 
theatre is first class. The most talented actors in tragedy 
and comedy have trod its boards, and have been patronized 
with appreciation. 

THE WALKER OPERA HOUSE. 

In 1882 the Messrs. Walker Bros, erected this beauti- 
ful building, situated on Second South Street. It is a 
pleasing building on the exterior, with a very tasteful front. 
The interior is highly ornamented. It is 165 feet long, 67 
feet wide and 60 feet from floor to ceiling. The stage is 48 
feet deep by 59 feet broad. It has parquette, dress circle, 
two upper circles, and four private boxes, two each side of 
the proscenium. 

THE CITY HALL. 

The City Hall, a red sandstone building, on First 
South Street, was erected at a cost of $70,000. It contains 
the offices of the Mayor, Recorder, Treasurer, Assessor and 
Collector, Water Master, and Chiefs of the Fire and Water 
Departments, the Alderman and Justice's court room and 
Council Chamber. For many years past the Territorial 
Legislative Assembly has held its bi-annual sessions in this 
building. 

Salt Lake City has had but seven mayors since its 
incorporation — Hons. Jedediah M. Grant, A. O. Smoot, 
Daniel H. Wells, Feramorz Little, Wm. Jennings, James 



RUD ITS SMIHOMS. 



35 



Sharp, and Francis Armstrong-, the last named being the 
present incumbent. 

In the rear of the City Hall are the municipal prisons, 
built of cut stone, massively put together with an inch and 
a half bolt between each block; cemented together so that 
escape is very difficult. 

THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 

East of the City Hall is the old building formerly used 
for that purpose, when Salt Lake City was a very small 
burg. It is now occupied by the Fire Department and known 
as the Fireman's Hall. 

Besides the engine room for the apparatus, on the 
ground floor of the Fireman's Hall, a large and well-fur- 
ished room on the upper story affords ample space as a 
meeting room and bunk room, with accommodation for 
twelve or fourteen men, as well as library and reading room. 
The library now contains over 1,500 volumes, and has 
mainly been accumulated through the generosity of citizens 
interested in the welfare of the firemen. 

Back of the engine room is a stable occupied by four 
horses. 

The department at present numbers, officers and mem- 
bers, fifty men, including the chief engineer, with the follow- 
ing apparatus: One Silsby steamer, two hand engines, five 
hose carts, one hook and ladder truck, with 5,400 feet of 
hose. Nine ' 'Regulars" are paid $60 per month. The 
forty others are call men, who receive $50 a year each. 

Col. G. M. Ottinger, formerly of Philadelphia, is the 
chief engineer of the Fire Department. 



36 G\3YD^ TO LMS CITY 



During the year 1887 there were 34 fires in the city 
limits, aggregating a total loss of $66,265. 

The average loss by fire in Salt Lake City is lower than 
in any other city of its size in the West. 

STREET RAILWAY. 

The horse car accommodations of Salt Lake are ample 
to reach nearly every point of note in the city. At present, 
the lines are in the aggregate about 15 miles in extent. 
The system has been divided up so as to have through lines 
over 4 routes, which formerly were separated into 8 routes. 
All the depots and nearly all the hotels are reached by the 
street cars, also the following points — the Warm Springs 
Bath Houses, Liberty Park, the Eleventh Ward, adjoining 
Fort Douglas Military Reservation, the First, Sixth and 
Twenty-first wards. The company employ 16 cars, 30 men, 
and 106 mules. The animals are required to do duty to the 
extent of about 16 miles per day, which only requires from 
4 to 5 hours daily service. 

Mr. P. O. Arnold is manager of the lines. The capital 
invested aggregates $ 100, 000. 

THE WATER WORKS. 

The water supply for the city mains is obtained from 
City Creek, a canon stream north of the city. The flow of 
this stream at its best (during the month of June) is about 
1,000,000 gallons per hour, but, like all mountain streams, 
is variable. The water is taken from the creek by a flume 
to three distributing and filtering tanks, having a combined 
capacity of 300,000 gallons. The elevation of these reser- 



RRD ITS ^OTYROHS. 



3T 



voirs above the north- east corner of the Temple Block, is 185 
feet, and gives an average water pressure of 86 pounds to the 
inch. The water is distributed at present through 24 miles 
of piping, varying in diameter from 20 to 3 inches. On 
this line of mains are located 163 hydrants and 78 gates or 
valves, which supply 2.000 water-takers, with an average 
daily consumption of water, during the summer months, of 
nearly 8,000,000 gallons, and during the winter season of 
about 2,400,000. During the past year extensive improve- 
ments have been made in the entire system of water works. 
A new plant has been made two miles higher up the canon, 
which almost doubles the capacity and supplies an additional 
pressure of 36 pounds to the square inch, besides furnishing 
water to the " Dry Bench " in the north-east portion of the 
city. Thus far there has been expended $425,000 on the 
water works of this city, and from 1^ to 2 miles of exten- 
sions are added to the mains yearly. 

The annual expenditure, exclusive of extensions, is 
about $6,000; the revenue about $30,000 per annum. 

Z. C. M. I. 

On Main (East Tample) Street, a little to the south of 
the Temple Block, stand the mammoth premises of Zion's 
Co-operative Mercantile Institution, familiarly known as the 
Big Co-op. This extensive establishment has branch 
houses in Provo, Ogden, and Logan (in Utah) and Soda 
Springs (Idaho); while numerous local retail "Co-op." 
establishments are to be found throughout the regions oc- 
cupied by the "Mormons;" in fact, nearly every settlement, 
large or small, has its co-operative store. Co-operation 



38 



GmU"& TO SRLT LMS CITY 



was a favorite subject with the late Brigham Young, and he 
was the founder of this Institution, and its first president. 
It was organized Oct. 16, 1868, and commenced business in 
March, 1869. To-day, it is one of the most solid mercantile 
firms in the world. Its business, last year, amounted to 
nearly $5,000,000. 

The main building has a depth of 319 feet and a front- 
age of 98 feet. It has four stories including cellars. Its 
stock of goods at last stock-taking was valued at $1,500,000. 

Connected with Z. C. M. I. is the largest Boot and 
Shoe Manufactory between Chicago and San Francisco. 
The factory is situated on South Temple Street, a little east 
of Main, adjoining the main store of the institution. This 
branch of the business was established in 1879, and now em- 
ploys 150 hands. In price, its products compete with goods 
mauufactured elsewhere, and for quality are preferred by 
the Utonians to the imported article. Mr. W. H. Rowe is 
the superintendent and manager of this department, and 
Mr. D. M. McAllister, the secretary. Another branch of 
manufacture is associated with this factory, that of making 
overalls, jumpers and shirts, in which it successfully com- 
petes with San Francisco Chinese labor. 

A tannery (established in the north-western portion of 
the city,) into which many improvements have lately been 
introduced, is also connected with the manufacturing depart- 
ment of the Co-op. The total value of its yearly products 
is nearly $300,000. 

The industries controlled by Z. C. M. I. in this city, 
employ 300 hands, constantly. 



RRD ITS ^MIMS. 



39 



MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. 

Besides the home industries sustained by Z. C. M. I., 
the city boasts of quite a number of manufacturing enter- 
prises, chief among which are the Salt Lake Foundry and 
Machine Company's works, one block south of the Utah 
Central Railway depot, manufacturers of engines, boilers, 
etc ; Davis, Howe & Co.'s Iron and Brass Foundry and 
Machine Shop, First West Street; the Silver Iron and Ma- 
chine Works, North Temple Street; Haines & Sons, Boiler- 
Makers, South Temple Street; the Machine Shops of the 
Utah Central Railway Co. , Locomotive and Car Builders, 
and J. W. Summerhays & Co., Leather Manufacturers. 
AH the above institutions are constantly rnnning to their 
utmost capacity, and turn out work second to none. 

The furniture manufactory of Henry Dinwoodey is the 
oldest and largest of its kind in the Territory, having been 
established in 1857. Mr. Dinwoodey keeps 31 employees 
very busy in his furniture making and upholstery depart- 
ments. There are, besides, several others, the Co-operative 
Furniture Company being one of the leading manufacturing 
firms in this line. 

Simon Bros, employ 10 hands in their Manufacturing 
Millinery Department. 

Sam Levy, manufacturer of fine cigars, employs some 
20 hands, and produces annually about 800,000 fine hand- 
made cigars. The business was first established in 1871, 
5,000 cigars being made the first year. 

Messrs J. W. Summerhays & Co. are operating one"bf 
the finest tanneries of the West in the conversion of sheep 



40 Gc\JYD"£ TO LRKYl CITY 



skins into fine leathers, much of which are exported, and 
some of the finer grades are used in bookbinding, in mak- 
ing children's fine shoes, etc. 

The Salt Lake Glass Works, situated north-west of the 
city, are doing a very profitable business, and employ about 
60 men and boys. The capacity of the works, including 
all the various sizes and kinds of bottles made, is nearly 600 
dozen per day. 

The Salt Lake Chemical Works, situated a short dis- 
tance from the Glass Works, is another enterprise of con- 
siderable importance, although but recently begun. From 
native raw materials, which are to be had in abundance, the 
operators are turning out large quantities of refined soda, 
soda ash, sal soda, caustic soda, hypo-sulphate of soda, and 
Portland cement. 

The Burton- Gardner Company occupy very extensive 
premises opposite the Theatre, where is manufactured 
woven- wire bed mattresses and wire fencing. 

Next in importance to Z. C. M. I., in the manufacture 
of boots and shoes, is the factory of the Messrs. Solomon 
Bros & Gold, who employ 45 hands, and turn out 75 pairs 
of boots and shoes daily. 

Messrs. J. C. Cutler & Bro. represent the Provo 
Woolen Mills and have a display of the finest assortment of 
woolen goods west of Chicago. This factory is the leading 
manufacturing industry of the Territory. 

Ellias Morris, Esq., besides being one of our leading 
builders and contractors, is extensively employed in manu- 
facturing fire brick, tiles, cement piping and plaster paris of 
superior quality. 



41 



H. A. Tuckett is extensively engaged in manufacturing 
all kinds of candies; his brands of candies are very popular 
throughout the Territory. 

The Deseret Woolen Mills, owned by Wm. Jennings' 
Sons, are giving employment to 40 hands in the manufacture 
of yarns, cloths, etc., and in the knitting department 20 
girls are kept busy. 

The Utah Soap Manufactory is fully employed and turns 
out large quantities of No. 1 soap annually. 

Taylor, Romney, Armstrong Co., Salt Lake Building 
and Manufacturing Co., and the Sierra Nevada Lumber 
Association, are the leading manufacturers of doors, sash, 
mouldings, etc., besides doing a large building and con- 
tracting business. 

The Messrs. Watson Bros, are one of the leading con- 
tracting and building firms of the city) besides doing con- 
siderate business as monumental stone cutters. 

The Salt Lake Silk Factory manufactures a very ex- 
cellent line of dress goods, handkerchiefs, etc. 

In addition to the industries enumerated, there are suc- 
cessfully conducted vinegar works, basket and broom fac- 
tories, cigar factories, breweries, confectioneries, demijohn 
works, salt refining, trunk, furniture, fence and mattress 
factories, etc., etc., giving employment in all to over 1,200 
people, and sustenance to over 5,000. 

While the mercantile business of the city is, perhaps, 
overcrowded, there is ample room for the profitable invest- 
ment of much capital in manufacturing industries of various 
kinds. With the establishment of a few more factories, 
machine shops and the like, the city will be more sure of a 



RRD ITS WKATY&ORS. 



43 



steady growth both in population and commercial import- 
ance. 

RAILROADS. 

The completion of the Union Pacific Railroad, and its 
tributary, the Utah Central Railway (which was opened for 
traffic on January 10, 1870), was an important event to the 
business interests of Salt Lake City, and was the occasion 
of no little rejoicing in all circles. It was the inauguration 
of a new era in the growth and commerce of the city. 
Hitherto all the necessaries and comforts of life which could 
not be produced at home had to be freighted a thousand 
miles by ox or mule teams, and all those who migrated to 
this country in the early days of its settlement, came by the 
same conveyances, and sometimes new-comers made their 
way hither from the Missouri river in hand-cart trains. The 
journey occupied several months, and was a weary drag over 
vast and arid plains and toilsome mountains. 

As soon as the Utah Central Railroad was completed 
into Salt Lake City, the Utah Southern road (now incorpor- 
ated into the Utah Central system), was commenced and 
pushed its way through Utah, Juab, Millard and Beaver 
counties to Frisco, connecting by rail the most thrifty agri- 
cultural and mining districts of Southern Utah. Transpor- 
tation was thus afforded for the rich and abundant harvests 
of the valleys and the mineral wealth of the mountain 
gorges. 

Work was commenced on the Salt Lake branch of the 
Denver & Rio Grande Railway (narrow gauge) late in the 
season of 1881, was pushed forward with the zeal character- 
istic of its management, and through connection was made 



44 



G\JYD"£ TO SRl^T LMS CITY 



between Salt Lake and Denver on the 30th day of March, 
1883, and shortly after was extended toOgden,and connection 
made with the Central Pacific Railway to California. This 
road traverses the fertile counties of Emery, Utah, Salt Lake, 
Davis and Weber, and is considered by travelers the most 
picturesque route east. It has added very materially to the 
prosperity and growth of the Territory. 

HOTELS. 

The city is well provided with first-cla^s hotel accom- 
modations, the principal houses being the Walker, Cullen, 
Continental and Metropolitan; the Valley House, Clift 
House, White House and Spencer House also offer first- 
class accommodations to tourists and visitors, and at reason- 
able rates. 

WARM SPRINGS BATH HOUSES. 

The Warm Sulphur Springs, situated in the extreme 
north-west of the city, are justly celebrated for their medi- 
cinal properties, many invalid tourists visiting Salt Lake 
City for the special purpose of being benefited by the 
pleasant and renovating baths to be had in its tepid waters. 
The bath houses are reached by street cars from the Eagle 
Emporium corner. 

PLEASURE RESORTS. 

Liberty Park, situated in the south-east suburbs, 
and reached by street car line, is a most pleasant and healthy 
place to visit during the summer months. It was laid out 
originally by the late President Young, and called the 



ITS MYmOlS. 



"Forest Farm." There are pleasant drives and walks, 
beautifully and abundantly shaded by native forest trees. 

' Calder's Farm," about 3 miles south of town, is an- 
other suburban pleasure resort, provided with boats, swings, 
dancing floors, games, etc., incidental to such places. 

"Washington Square," between First and Second 
East Streets, is the chartered ground of the Olympic Club 
of this city, and on gala days is the scene of bicycle and 
foot races, base ball and cricket matches, and other games 
and amusements. 

' ' Fuller's Hill, ' ' in the Tenth Ward, is another pleasure 
resort of considerable attraction, and is well patronized by 
the public. 

FORT DOUGLAS. 

One of the most interesting points in the vicinity is 
Fort Douglas, a well built, full-regiment post, located on a 
plateau about 3 miles east of and 500 feet above the city. 
The post and grounds are laid out with taste, a small stream 
of mountain water making the culture of trees, shrubbery, 
grass and flowers possible. The elevation gives almost a 
bird's-eye view of the city and valley. In the distance lies 
the Dead Sea of America, a blue band drawn along the base 
of island mountains, the vistas between which are closed by 
more distant ranges. In the north, the Promontory divides 
the waters, ending far out in the lake. Across Jordan Val- 
ley the Oquirrh rises to a lofty height, white with snow a 
great part of the year, and often veiled by clouds. On the 
south, low hills appearing to be thrown out in echelon, 
complete the enclosure of Jordan Valley, which lies an un- 
rolled map at one's feet. 



RKD ITS "ERAimOHS. 



4T 



ENSIGN PEAK. 

To see the city at its best, one must climb to the rock- 
crowned summit of Ensign Peak. This dome-like mount- 
ain rises directly back of the town, and from it one may 
look down upon houses, streets, trees and green squares. 
At the right lies the lake, dull hued, motionless and passive 
amid its grand surroundings. Huge islands of rock dot its 
surface, but no signs of life are to be seen. To the south 
stretches the beautiful valley, mountain guarded, fertile and 
bathed at its lower end in a thin blue veil of haze. Cloud- 
patches lie on the fertile slopes, the mountains are lull of 
canons, the Jordan is a narrow line ot silver, and above the 
scene stretches the blue arch of the sky. To the east is 
Fort Douglas, and beyond that Emigration Canon, from 
whose mouth the "Mormons" had their first view of this 
secluded region, which they chose for their home. 

The plateau immediately at the foot of Ensign Peak, 
or between it and the city, has long been known as Arsenal 
Hill, part of which was recently given by the city to the 
Territory for Capitol grounds, and upon which will soon be 
built the Territorial Capitol. The remainder of this beauti- 
ful site is set apart for a public park. The canon directly 
beneath on the east, is City Creek Canon, the principal 
source of water for the City of the Saints. In it are situated 
the reservoirs of the Municipal Water Works. The scenery 
a short distance up the canon is very beautiful, wild and ro- 
mantic. 

A nearer point at which to get a fine view of the city, 
is from Prospect Hill, located about half a mile north-east 
of the Eagle Gate. The beautiful view to be obtained from 



ITS 



this point is well worth the travel to obtain it. Recently a 
fine tower has been built at this point for the accommoda- 
tion of tourists. 

SALT LAKE BATHING RESORTS. 

Garfield Beach, some 20 miles west of the city on 
the shores of the Great Salt Lake, is reached by the Utah 
& Nevada Railway. During- the summer season several 
trains run daily to this bathing resort. 

Lake Park, a beautifully laid out pleasure and bathing 
place on the edge of the Great Salt Lake, is situated about 
20 miles north of the city, and is reached by the Denver & 
Rio Grande Railway. Several trains run daily to this point 
during the bathing season. No tourist should miss the op- 
portunity thus afforded of taking a bath in the buoyant 
waters of the lake. 

In the long sunny days of June, July and August, the 
water becomes deliciously warm, and it is much warmer 
than ocean water a month earlier and later. 

Ample accommodations are afforded the visitor to make 
a few days' stay at these points, a rare opportunity to in- 
valids, who would be benefited much by a short sojourn not 
only from the bathing, but by breathing the cool saline air 
of the lake. 

The water of the lake contains 22 per cent, of pure salt, 
making it so buoyant that the least possible effort is neces- 
sary to keep one's equilibrium, as sinking is out of the 
question. Care, however, must be taken that the water is 
not inhaled into the mouth and nostrils, lest the bather is 
strangled. 



RRD ITS "aTMYROKS. 



CHURCHES. 

The City of Salt Lake is well provided with good 
churches, if we consider the number of citizens not con- 
nected with the ''Mormon" Church. 

St. Mark's Church. — Sixteen years ago St. Mark's 
Episcopal Church was established in this city by Bishop D. 
S. Tuttle, the bishop of this diocese. St. Mark's Parish 




St. Mark's Episcopal Cli-aich.. 



52 GRID'S. TO SRI^Y Lffi CITY 



includes St. Paul's Chapel under its administration. The 
Bishop is at the head of the Cathedral Parish, with three 
assistant ministers: the Rev. Messrs. N. F. Putnam, G. D. 




Tlie S-wed-isla. Xj-u.tla.era.3a. Cla.-a.rc3a.. 



B. Miller and C. M. Armstrong-. The Cathedral is located 
on First South Street, between Second and Third East 
Streets. It is built of red sandstone, quarried in a canon 
near the city. It consists of nave and one transept. The 



54 



GRID'S. TO SRI^Y CITY 



architecture is Gothic. The nave was erected in 1870, and 
the transept was added in the summer of 1882. The tran- 
sept is occupied by the organ and choir. The organ, which 
was put in its place in December, 1882, is one of the best 
in the West. Its tones are pure and sweet, and fill the 
church. The rectory is next door to the church. This, 
and the lot on which it stands, was purchased by the congre- 
gation in 1887. The basement of the church is used for 
Sabbath school, and also for a day school in the primary 
department. Rev. N. F. Putnam, late of Peekskill, New 
York, is the present pastor of St. Mark's congregation. 

St. Paul's Episcopal is also a stone structure and is well 
adapted to the wants ot the membership; the congregation 
is presided over by Rev. C. M. Armstrong, who succeeded 
Rev. S. Unsworth, the first pastor of the church. 

The Swedish Lutheran Church. — This neat church 
edifice is situated at the corner of Second South and Fourth 
East Streets. The Lutheran mission was begun in 1882, 
and the church building was erected in 1885 at a cost of 
$10,000. Its dimensions are 66 feet long and 44 feet wide, 
and has a spacious basement, used at present for school 
purposes. The audience room of the church is one of the 
neatest in the city. The Rev. J. A. Krantz is the pastor of 
the church. 

Methodist Church. — One of ihe finest church build- 
ings, in size and architectural appearance, in the city, is 
the First Methodist Church, a brick structure of modern 
style. Rev. T. C. Iliff is the present pastor, and also has 
supervision over all the Methodist charges in Utah. 

Presbyterian Church. — Rev. R. G. McNeice is the 



ITS ^RYIROHS. 



pastor of the Presbyterian Church. The church building is 
on the corner with a street on the west and south. In the 
centre is the "Octagon," now used in connection with the 
boarding department of the Salt Lake Collegiate Institute. 

Catholic Church. — The Catholic Church has a good 
chapel, and besides this, services are held in the chapel at 
the Hospital of the Holy Cross, and also at St. Mary's Ac- 




Tla.e Csttla-olic DEXospita.1. 



ademy, and at the chapel of All Hallow's College. Father 
Scanlan has supervision of the work in this city, and is 
aided by Fathers Keily and B'ake. 

Baptist. — The Baptists have a very fine church edifice 
on the corner opposite the County Court House, on Second 
South Street, and have a small congregation. 



56 



Gmrrs. TO SRl^T L.ML'Sl city 



Jewish Synagogue. — The Jewish congregation is com- 
posed of some 50 members, presided over by M. C. Phillips. 
They have a commodious Synagogue, which is also used for 
school purposes. 

SCHOOLS. 

Salt Lake City is divided into 21 school districts, in 
each of which a common school is maintained 10 months in 
each year. These schools are partly sustained by taxes and 
partly by tuition fees. All the branches of a common school 




_A.ll _E3.a.llo^7-'s College. 



education are taught by competent and interested teachers. 

Besides the district schools, the city boasts of quite a 
number of private institutions of learning and church schools, 
maintained by the various religious societies of the city. 
Chief among which may be mentioned the schools of Ham- 
mond Hall (Congregational), Rowland Hall and St. Mark's 
School (Episcopal), the Salt Lake Collegiate Institute 
(Presbyterian), and the Hebrew school. 

St. Mark's School, under the auspices of the Protes- 
tant Episcopal Church, was opened in 1857. It is a graded 



^8 G\3YD"& TO SRlaT IaRYL"£ CITY 



school with about 400 pupils and 12 teachers, having Pri- 
mary, Grammar School, High School and Classical depart- 
ments. 

Rowland Hall, a boarding school for girls, opened in 
1 87 1. Here are 115 pupils and 8 teachers. The School 
has a full Academic Course ol study, with superior oppor- 
tunities for music, modern languages, drawing and painting. 

The Deseret University, situated on Second West and 
First North Streets, under the management of Dr. John R. 
Park and an able and efficient corps of assitants, is the lead- 
ing educational institution of the city and Territory. All 
the higher and many of the technical branches of education 
are here taught. It numbers among its students the youth 
of both sexes from all parts of the Territory, and some 
from Idaho and Arizona. One of its special features is the 
Normal department, for the training of teachers for the 
common schools of the Territory. A Deaf and Dumb In- 
stitute, liberal provisions for which were made by the last 
Territorial Legislature, will soon be built upon the adjoining 
grounds of the University. This department is at present 
under the very efficient management of Prof. Harry C. White. 

The public school system of the city and Territory is 
but yet in its infancy. No aid has been received from pub- ■ 
lie funds, or other sources, for its maintenance, and until 
very recently teachers were paid entirely by tuition lees, and 
the schoolhouses built by subscription. Schools have, how- 
ever, been maintained in most of the city districts almost j 
continuously since the first settlement of the Territory, the 
results of which are very gratifying, as very few of the chil- 
dren born here cannot read or write. 



60 G\Jirm TO SRIaT lrk^ city 



According to the educational statistics given in the 
census for 1880, the percentage of illiteracy in Utah is 
much below the average, and below more than half of the 
States and Territories of the Union, and the percentage 
about on a par with the great State of Massachusetts, not- 
withstanding the unlimited educational facilities of the latter. 

In respect to the amount per capita of her school popu- 
lation which Utah has invested in school property, she stands 
at die head of many older and more wealthy and populous 
States, and not far behind some of the foremost States of 
the Union, with an investment per capita of $8; while North 
Carolina has invested less than 55 cents; Georgia, $2.03; 
Kentucky less than $4; Virginia, $2.55; Oregon, $5; Wis- 
consin, $13.03; Minnesota, $14.55; Delaware, $10.35. 

When it is remembered that in nearly every State in the 
Union, vast sums of money derived from the sale of lands 
or from the establishment of special funds, are devoted to 
school purposes, and that these sums amount to tens and 
hundreds of thousands of dollars annually, in many of the 
States, while the schools of Utah have never yet received 
any assistance whatever in this manner, the fact that she 
occupies her present advanced position in respect to educa- 
tion, speaks volumes in her praise. 

MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT. 

The government of Salt Lake City is one of the 
best conducted and most economical in the United States. 
The municipal expenditures, including salaries of all its offi- 
cers, the maintainance of the police and fire departments, 
and water works of the city, amounts to only $52,000 per 



GRID'S. TO SRl^T "LxElK'S GYYY 



annum. In consequence, taxes are extremely light, and the 
machinery of government is so smoothly run that were it 
not for occasional (biennial) elections, her citizens might for- 
get they were not dwelling in a paradisiacal goverment. 

Salt Lake City boasts of some 30,000 inhabitants, and 
has a police force of 15 men, including the city marshal; 
one police officer to every 2,000 inhabitants. The insignifi- 
cance of this number may be inferred when compared with 
other cities of the world. In 1883 Philadelphia had one 
police officer to every 636 of its citizens; New York, one to 
every 562; Baltimore, one to 525; Boston, one to 487; the 
metropolitan district of London, one to 342. Yet, notwith- 
standing this great disparagement in the number of her po- 
lice officers, life and property are infinitely safer than in any 
of the cities named, and there is less crime in proportion to 
the number of inhabitants than any where else in the world. 
The quietness of her streets, and the absence of street fights, 
riots and other public disturbances is proverbial. The 
quietness ol the Sabbath day is particularly noticeable; all 
business is suspended, there are no pleasure resorts of any 
kind kept open, there is not the horse-racing, betting or 
gambling on this day, that is met with in all other western 
towns, but the day is observed by all classes as a day of 
rest. 

The Great Salt Lake, after which the city is named, is 
80 miles long and 40 miles wide, has seven islands, three 
of which are mountainous, and are used for grazing. Its 
nearest accessible point is some 15 miles north-west from 
Salt Lake City. 

The river Jordan, the outlet of Utah Lake, pursues a 



mx> its ^HYraons. 



63 



very meandering detail course, but has a very direct general 
northerly course of some 40 miles, and empties into the 
Salt Lake about 10 miles from the city. 

Utah Lake is a beautiful sheet of fresh water with an 
extreme length and breadth of 35 by 15 miles. It receives 
Provo and Spanish Fork rivers, and several other tribu- 
taries, and abounds in mountain trout and other fish. 

CONCLUSION. 

As most tourists who visit Salt Lake City will be 
more or less interested in the people who built it, we close 
this little volume with the Articles of Faith of the Church of 
Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints: 

1. We believe in God, the Eternal Father, and in His 
Son, Jesus Christ, and in the Holy Ghost. 

2. We believe that men will be punished for their own 
sins, and not for Adam's transgression. 

3. We believe that through the atonement of Christ, 
all mankind may be saved, by obedience to the laws and 
ordinances of the Gospel. 

4. We believe that these ordinances are: first, Faith in 
the Lord Jesus Christ; second, Repentance; third, Baptism 
by immersion for the remission of sins; fourth, Laying on 
of hands for the Gift of the Holy Ghost. 

5. We believe that a man mnst be called of God by 
" prophecy and by the laying on of hands," by those who 
are in authority, to preach the Gospel and administer in the 
ordinances thereof. 

6. We believe in the same organization that existed in 



64 



G\3VD^ TO ^£lK.-£. CITY 



the primitive church, viz : apostles, prophets, pastors, 
teachers, evangelists, etc. 

7. We believe in the gift of tongues, prophecy, revela- 
tion, visions, healing, interpretation of tongues, etc. 

8. We believe the Bible to be the word of God, as far 
as it is translated correctly; we also believe the Book of 
Mormon to be the word of God. 

9. We believe all that God has revealed, all that He 
does now reveal, and we believe that He will yet revea 1 
many great and important things pertaining to the Kingdom 
of God. 

10. We believe in the literal gathering of Israel, and 
in the restoration of the Ten Tribes. That Zion will be 
built upon this continent. That Christ will reign personally 
upon the earth, and that the earth will be renewed and re- 
ceive its paradisiacal glory. 

11. We claim the privilege of worshipping Almighty 
God according to the dictates of our own conscience, and 
allow all men the same privilege, let them worship how, 
where or what they may. 

12. We believe in being subject to kings, presidents, 
rulers and magistrates, in obeying, honoring and sustaining 
the law. 

13. We believe in being honest, true, chaste, bene- 
volent, virtuous, and in doing good to all men; indeed we 
may say that we follow the admonition of Paul, "We be- 
lieve all things, we hope all things," we have endured many 
things and hope to be able to endure all things. If there is 
anything virtuous, lovely or of good report, or praiseworthy, 
we seek after these things. Joseph Smith. 



CONTINENTAL 

<< HOTELS 

JANUARY, 1887.*^ 

^Ijis is the largest 2Kotel in Salt £ak:e (Lity. 
si^ll I^ooms are large, tight and airy. ^{ '"ITer* 
andah extends the entire length of the 2Kotel, with 
shade trees in front. 2Kas the largest and best 
Sample I^poms for Commercial Travelers. 



In. Oozinection. -witli Hotel- 



^LOCATION CENTRALS 



J. H. YM HORN COMPANY, PROPRIETORS. 



*HOT SPRINGS h 

X^ 5 Thoroughly Cleansed, Renovated and Under New Management. 
The 'Finest 3/Cedical Baths of the TJViited States. 

No Tourist can afford to miss the luxury of a Bath in these 
Springs. Their medicinal properties are well known 
to Scientists, and acknowledged by all who 
have had the pleasure of trying them. 

Lunches, Board and Lodgings, at reasonable Rates. 

All Utah Central and D. & R. G. R'y Trains to and from the north, pass through 
these grounds, and offer every facility to all wishing to visit the Springs. 



H. B. CLAWSON, Agent. 



jp iTY LIVERY AND ^H m * 
^|,y ^ BOARDINQ STABL Llf^ 

. 223 SS, First East §t„ One Block East of Main St, 

-wwSalt Lake City.wvi~ 



Horses and Buggies at Reasonable Hates. 

% % ■% % % # 

Tom McCoy, = = (Proprietor. 
TJlLlMOli^ HO. 81. 

J ^^^^^ 




Lumber, 

Doors, 
Sash., 

•^B UILDING MA TERIAL. 

m~ Don't Forget the Place: One-Half Block North of Eighth Ward 
Square, State Road. 




S. R. Marks. W. H. Casady. 

Marks # Casady, 

24 S. Mam Street, Salt "La"ke City, 




HAVE A LARGE LIST OF 

PIKE PBOPBETIBS, 

Business, Residence and Acreage, 



•*GOOD ACREAGE PROPERTY* 

Close in for subdivision, from $500 to $1,000 per Acre. 



TO BUY NOW IS TO MAKE MONEY. 
■H-Io please our Customers by selling them Bargains, -I* 

Maps of the City, with Properties marked, furnished for 25 cts. 



WALKER HOUSE, 

Salt £ake City. 

LOCATED ON MAIN STREET; has all the modern im- 
< provements, Passenger Elevator, Steam Heating, etc 
The Walker has always been the leading Hotel, and the 
pride of the Salt Lake public. 



Urates, - - $3.00 Per ID 3137-. 



Located on West Temple Street. 




>T^HIS House is conducted in connection with the Walker, 
and is especially adapted for families — just enough removed 
from the business centre to be quiet, without being out of the 
way. 



IR,a,tes, $2.00 a,znd $2.50 Per 3D a- 37-. 



G. S. ERB, Proprietor Walker House and Metropolitan 
Hotel. 




HENRY DDTWOODEY, 

Wholesale and Retail Dealer in 



FTONITUEE, 

Wail Paper, Carpets, Feathers, Linoleum, 




Lace GuPtaing, Window Poles and BabiJ Carriage^, 

37 to 43 W. First South St., 
^j^JX^J^ X^j^^S^SS O-L'X'T?"- 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 

0 010 091 579 0 



